Modern Periodic Table — Flashcards
Maharashtra Board · Class 11 · Chemistry
25 flashcards for Modern Periodic Table (Maharashtra Board Class 11 Chemistry) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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What is Mendeleev's Periodic Law and how does it differ from the Modern Periodic Law?
Answer
Mendeleev's Periodic Law: 'The physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic function of their atomic masses.' Modern Periodic Law: 'The physical and chemical properties of elements are a …
How many periods and groups are there in the modern periodic table? What do these numbers represent?
Answer
The modern periodic table has 7 periods (horizontal rows) and 18 groups (vertical columns). Period number = principal quantum number (n) of outermost shell. Group number indicates the number of valenc…
What are the four blocks in the periodic table and which subshells do they represent?
Answer
s-block: Groups 1-2, last electron enters s-subshell (ns¹⁻²). p-block: Groups 13-18, last electron enters p-subshell (ns²np¹⁻⁶). d-block: Groups 3-12, last electron enters d-subshell (ns⁰⁻²(n-1)d¹⁻¹⁰)…
Why does the first period have only 2 elements while the fourth period has 18 elements?
Answer
First period: Only 1s subshell is filled, capacity = 2 electrons, so 2 elements (H, He). Fourth period: 4s, 3d, and 4p subshells are filled successively. Capacity = 2 + 10 + 6 = 18 electrons, so 18 el…
Define effective nuclear charge (Zeff) and explain how it varies across a period and down a group.
Answer
Effective nuclear charge (Zeff) = Z - σ, where Z = actual nuclear charge, σ = screening constant. It's the net nuclear charge experienced by an electron after accounting for shielding by inner electro…
How is atomic radius defined and what are its periodic trends?
Answer
Atomic radius = half the internuclear distance between two adjacent atoms in a crystal (metallic radius) or between two covalently bonded atoms (covalent radius). Trends: Decreases across a period (in…
Compare the sizes of Na, Na⁺, Cl, and Cl⁻. Arrange them in order of increasing size.
Answer
Order of increasing size: Na⁺ < Cl < Cl⁻ < Na. Explanation: Na⁺ is smaller than Na (lost electron, same nuclear charge). Cl⁻ is larger than Cl (gained electron, increased repulsion). Na⁺ and Cl⁻ are i…
What is ionization enthalpy? Write the equation for first ionization enthalpy and explain its periodic trends.
Answer
Ionization enthalpy (ΔᵢH) = energy required to remove an electron from isolated gaseous atom. X(g) → X⁺(g) + e⁻; ΔᵢH₁. Trends: Increases across a period (higher Zeff holds electrons tighter). Decrease…
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