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Modern Periodic Table

Maharashtra Board · Class 11 · Chemistry

Flashcards for Modern Periodic Table — Maharashtra Board Class 11 Chemistry. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.

45 questions25 flashcards5 concepts

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Card 1Historical Development

What is Mendeleev's Periodic Law and how does it differ from the Modern Periodic Law?

Answer

Mendeleev's Periodic Law: 'The physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic function of their atomic masses.' Modern Periodic Law: 'The physical and chemical properties of elements are a

Card 2Structure of Modern Periodic Table

How many periods and groups are there in the modern periodic table? What do these numbers represent?

Answer

The modern periodic table has 7 periods (horizontal rows) and 18 groups (vertical columns). Period number = principal quantum number (n) of outermost shell. Group number indicates the number of valenc

Card 3Electronic Configuration and Blocks

What are the four blocks in the periodic table and which subshells do they represent?

Answer

s-block: Groups 1-2, last electron enters s-subshell (ns¹⁻²). p-block: Groups 13-18, last electron enters p-subshell (ns²np¹⁻⁶). d-block: Groups 3-12, last electron enters d-subshell (ns⁰⁻²(n-1)d¹⁻¹⁰)

Card 4Electronic Configuration and Blocks

Why does the first period have only 2 elements while the fourth period has 18 elements?

Answer

First period: Only 1s subshell is filled, capacity = 2 electrons, so 2 elements (H, He). Fourth period: 4s, 3d, and 4p subshells are filled successively. Capacity = 2 + 10 + 6 = 18 electrons, so 18 el

Card 5Periodic Trends

Define effective nuclear charge (Zeff) and explain how it varies across a period and down a group.

Answer

Effective nuclear charge (Zeff) = Z - σ, where Z = actual nuclear charge, σ = screening constant. It's the net nuclear charge experienced by an electron after accounting for shielding by inner electro

Card 6Periodic Trends

How is atomic radius defined and what are its periodic trends?

Answer

Atomic radius = half the internuclear distance between two adjacent atoms in a crystal (metallic radius) or between two covalently bonded atoms (covalent radius). Trends: Decreases across a period (in

Card 7Periodic Trends

Compare the sizes of Na, Na⁺, Cl, and Cl⁻. Arrange them in order of increasing size.

Answer

Order of increasing size: Na⁺ < Cl < Cl⁻ < Na. Explanation: Na⁺ is smaller than Na (lost electron, same nuclear charge). Cl⁻ is larger than Cl (gained electron, increased repulsion). Na⁺ and Cl⁻ are i

Card 8Periodic Trends

What is ionization enthalpy? Write the equation for first ionization enthalpy and explain its periodic trends.

Answer

Ionization enthalpy (ΔᵢH) = energy required to remove an electron from isolated gaseous atom. X(g) → X⁺(g) + e⁻; ΔᵢH₁. Trends: Increases across a period (higher Zeff holds electrons tighter). Decrease

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