Sound — Flashcards
Maharashtra Board · Class 11 · Physics
24 flashcards for Sound (Maharashtra Board Class 11 Physics) to test yourself on key terms and facts. Sample: "What is a mechanical wave and give three"
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What is a mechanical wave and give three examples?
Answer
A mechanical wave is a wave that requires a material medium for its propagation. The disturbance travels through the medium without causing any flow of material, but transfers energy and momentum. Ex…
State the wave equation v = nλ and explain each term with units.
Answer
v = nλ Where: • v = velocity of wave (m/s) • n = frequency (Hz or s⁻¹) • λ = wavelength (m) This equation shows that wave velocity is constant in a given medium. If frequency increases, wavelength d…
What is the difference between transverse and longitudinal waves? Give one example of each.
Answer
**Transverse Waves:** • Particles vibrate perpendicular to wave propagation • Have crests and troughs • Can be polarized • Example: Water waves, EM waves **Longitudinal Waves:** • Particles vibrate p…
Define amplitude, wavelength, period, and frequency of a wave.
Answer
**Amplitude (A):** Maximum displacement of particles from equilibrium position (measured in meters) **Wavelength (λ):** Distance between two successive particles in same phase OR distance covered by …
State Newton's formula for velocity of sound and calculate the velocity at NTP.
Answer
**Newton's Formula:** v = √(P/ρ) Where: • P = atmospheric pressure • ρ = density of air **Calculation at NTP:** P = hdg = 0.76 × 13600 × 9.8 = 101,293 Pa ρ = 1.293 kg/m³ v = √(101,293/1.293) = √78,…
State Laplace's correction and calculate the corrected velocity of sound at NTP.
Answer
**Laplace's Correction:** v = √(γP/ρ) Where γ = Cp/Cv = 1.41 for air (adiabatic ratio) **Reasoning:** Sound propagation is adiabatic (rapid process) not isothermal as Newton assumed. **Calculation …
How does temperature affect the speed of sound? Derive the relationship.
Answer
**Derivation:** From ideal gas law: v = √(γRT/M) At temperatures T₀ and T: v₀ = √(γRT₀/M) and v = √(γRT/M) ∴ v/v₀ = √(T/T₀) **For small temperature changes:** v = v₀ + 0.61t (where t is in °C) **K…
A man shouts near a wall 60 m away. When will he hear the echo? (v = 330 m/s)
Answer
**Given:** • Distance to wall = 60 m • Velocity of sound = 330 m/s • Find: Time to hear echo **Solution:** Total distance travelled by sound = 2 × 60 = 120 m (Sound travels to wall and back) Time = …
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