Units and Measurements — Flashcards
Maharashtra Board · Class 11 · Physics
25 flashcards for Units and Measurements (Maharashtra Board Class 11 Physics) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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What is a unit? Give an example from your daily life.
Answer
A unit is a standard measure of any physical quantity that is internationally accepted for comparison. It provides a reference to express the magnitude of a quantity. Example: When we say the length o…
List the seven fundamental quantities in SI system with their units and symbols.
Answer
1. Length - metre (m) 2. Mass - kilogram (kg) 3. Time - second (s) 4. Temperature - kelvin (K) 5. Electric current - ampere (A) 6. Luminous intensity - candela (cd) 7. Amount of substance - mole (mol)…
What is the difference between fundamental and derived quantities? Give two examples of each.
Answer
Fundamental quantities do not depend on other quantities for measurement. Examples: length, mass, time. Derived quantities depend on fundamental quantities and can be expressed in terms of them. Exam…
Define dimensional formula and write the dimensional formula for velocity and acceleration.
Answer
A dimensional formula expresses a derived quantity in terms of powers of fundamental quantities using square brackets. Velocity = [L¹M⁰T⁻¹] or [LT⁻¹] Acceleration = [L¹M⁰T⁻²] or [LT⁻²]…
A simple pendulum has period T depending on length l and acceleration due to gravity g. Derive the relationship using dimensional analysis.
Answer
Let T ∝ lᵃ gᵇ, so T = k lᵃ gᵇ Equating dimensions: [T] = [L]ᵃ [LT⁻²]ᵇ [M⁰L⁰T¹] = [Lᵃ⁺ᵇT⁻²ᵇ] Comparing: a + b = 0 and -2b = 1 Solving: b = -1/2, a = 1/2 Therefore: T = k√(l/g) Experimentally, k = 2π…
What is parallax? Explain how it is used to measure large distances.
Answer
Parallax is the apparent change in position of an object due to change in position of observer. For large distances: Two observers at distance b apart observe an object. The parallax angle θ (in radi…
Convert 1 joule to erg using dimensional analysis.
Answer
Work has dimensional formula [L²M¹T⁻²] Let 1 J = x erg 1 [L₁²M₁¹T₁⁻²] = x [L₂²M₂¹T₂⁻²] Substituting SI and CGS units: x = (kg/g) × (m/cm)² × (s/s)⁻² x = (10³/1) × (100/1)² × 1 x = 10³ × 10⁴ = 10⁷ T…
Define accuracy and precision in measurements. Can a measurement be accurate but not precise?
Answer
Accuracy: How close a measurement is to the true/actual value. Precision: How close repeated measurements are to each other (reproducibility). Yes, a measurement can be accurate but not precise - if …
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