Electromagnetic Waves and Communication System — Flashcards
Maharashtra Board · Class 11 · Physics
24 flashcards for Electromagnetic Waves and Communication System (Maharashtra Board Class 11 Physics) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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What are electromagnetic (EM) waves and how are they produced?
Answer
EM waves are periodic changes in electric and magnetic fields that propagate through space. They are produced by accelerated electric charges. According to Maxwell's theory, when charges oscillate, th…
State the four Maxwell's equations and their significance.
Answer
1. Gauss' law for electrostatics: ∮ E⃗ · dS⃗ = Qin/ε₀ (relates electric charge to electric field) 2. Gauss' law for magnetism: ∮ B⃗ · dS⃗ = 0 (no magnetic monopoles exist) 3. Faraday's law: ∮ E⃗ · dl⃗…
List five key characteristics of electromagnetic waves.
Answer
1. E⃗ and B⃗ are perpendicular to each other and to direction of propagation (transverse waves) 2. E⃗ × B⃗ gives direction of propagation 3. E⃗ and B⃗ vary sinusoidally and are in phase 4. Travel at s…
Derive the speed of EM waves in vacuum using fundamental constants.
Answer
The speed of EM waves in vacuum is: c = 1/√(μ₀ε₀) Where: μ₀ = 4π×10⁻⁷ Tm/A (permeability of free space) ε₀ = 8.85×10⁻¹² C²/Nm² (permittivity of free space) c = 1/√(4π×10⁻⁷ × 8.85×10⁻¹²) = 3.00×10⁸ m/s…
An EM wave has electric field amplitude E₀ = 100 V/m. Find the magnetic field amplitude B₀.
Answer
Given: E₀ = 100 V/m For EM waves: |E₀|/|B₀| = c Therefore: B₀ = E₀/c = 100/(3×10⁸) = 3.33×10⁻⁷ T The magnetic field amplitude is 3.33×10⁻⁷ T.
What is the electromagnetic spectrum? List all types of EM waves in order of increasing frequency.
Answer
The EM spectrum is the orderly distribution of EM waves according to wavelength/frequency. In order of increasing frequency: 1. Radio waves (lowest frequency) 2. Microwaves 3. Infrared radiation 4. Vi…
Compare the wavelength ranges and sources of Radio waves and Gamma rays.
Answer
Radio waves: - Wavelength: 6×10⁻⁴ to 1×10⁵ m (very long) - Source: Acceleration of electrons in circuits - Uses: Broadcasting, communication Gamma rays: - Wavelength: 6×10⁻¹³ to 1×10⁻¹⁰ m (very short…
What are the properties and uses of microwaves?
Answer
Properties: - Wavelength: 3×10⁻⁴ to 6×10⁻² m - Heat certain substances - Can be detected by crystal detectors Uses: - TV signal transmission - Long distance telephone communication - Microwave ovens …
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