Gravitation — Flashcards
Maharashtra Board · Class 11 · Physics
24 flashcards for Gravitation (Maharashtra Board Class 11 Physics) to test yourself on key terms and facts. Sample: "State Newton's Universal Law.
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State Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation and write its mathematical expression.
Answer
Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation: Every particle of matter attracts every other particle with a force directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square…
State Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion with an example.
Answer
Kepler's First Law (Law of Orbit): All planets move in elliptical orbits around the Sun with the Sun at one of the foci of the ellipse. Key Terms: - Perihelion: Closest point to the Sun - Aphelion: F…
What is Kepler's Second Law? Explain its physical significance.
Answer
Kepler's Second Law (Law of Areas): The line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps equal areas in equal intervals of time. Physical Significance: - Planets move faster when closer to the Sun - Planets …
State Kepler's Third Law and solve: If Earth's orbital period is 1 year, what would be the period if Earth-Sun distance becomes 4 times?
Answer
Kepler's Third Law (Law of Periods): The square of the period of revolution is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis. T² ∝ r³ or T²/r³ = constant Solution: Given: T₁ = 1 year, r₂ = 4r₁ Us…
Define acceleration due to gravity and derive its expression in terms of Earth's mass and radius.
Answer
Acceleration due to gravity (g): The acceleration experienced by a freely falling body near Earth's surface due to gravitational attraction. Derivation: For a body of mass m at Earth's surface: Gravi…
How does acceleration due to gravity vary with altitude? Derive the expression for gh.
Answer
Variation with Altitude: At height h above Earth's surface: gh = GM/(R+h)² Relation with surface gravity: gh/g = R²/(R+h)² Therefore: gh = g[R²/(R+h)²] For small heights (h << R): gh ≈ g(1 - 2h/R)…
Calculate the value of g at height 320 km above Earth's surface. Given: R = 6400 km, g = 9.8 m/s².
Answer
Given: - h = 320 km = 3.2×10⁵ m - R = 6400 km = 6.4×10⁶ m - g = 9.8 m/s² Since h << R, we can use: gh = g(1 - 2h/R) Substituting values: gh = 9.8(1 - 2×320/6400) gh = 9.8(1 - 640/6400) gh = 9.8(1 - …
How does acceleration due to gravity vary with depth below Earth's surface? Derive the expression.
Answer
Variation with Depth: At depth d below Earth's surface: gd = g(1 - d/R) Derivation: - Only the inner sphere of radius (R-d) contributes to gravity - Outer spherical shell has no net effect - Mass of…
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