Learning — Chapter Summary
NIOS · Class 10 · Psychology
Summary of Learning for NIOS Class 10 Psychology. Key concepts: Learning is a relatively, Classical conditioning is and Acquisition is the gradual.
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Overview
Learning is a relatively durable change in behaviour due to experience. It is a continuous process that helps people adapt to their environment and develop new abilities. Learning is not directly observable; it is inferred from changes in external behaviour and improvement in performance. It include
Key Concepts
Learning is a relatively durable change
Learning is a relatively durable change in behaviour due to experience. Temporary changes, maturational changes like crawling, standing, and walking,
Classical conditioning is a basic type
Classical conditioning is a basic type of learning in which a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a natural stimulus. Ivan P. Pavlov discovered i
Acquisition is the gradual development
Acquisition is the gradual development of the conditioned response through repeated pairing of the conditioned stimulus and unconditioned stimulus. Ex
Operant conditioning is a basic type
Operant conditioning is a basic type of learning in which behaviour is strengthened or weakened by its consequences. B.F. Skinner is the most influent
Reinforcement is any action or stimulus
Reinforcement is any action or stimulus that increases the rate of response. Positive reinforcement strengthens a response that precedes it, such as f
Learning Objectives
- Explain the meaning of learning and its main features.
- Describe classical conditioning and operant conditioning.
- Explain reinforcement and its types.
- Understand observational learning and its importance.
- Describe concept learning, skill learning, verbal learning, and transfer of training.
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Sources & Official References
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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