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Learning

NIOS · Class 10 · Psychology

Quick revision notes for Learning — NIOS Class 10 Psychology. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

45 questions40 flashcards5 concepts

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Key Topics to Revise

1

1. Meaning and Nature of Learning

  • Learning is inferred from changes in external behaviour because it is not directly observable.
  • The key feature of learning is experience.
  • A change qualifies as learning only when it is relatively enduring.
2

2. Classical Conditioning

  • Classical conditioning is also called Pavlovian conditioning.
  • Ivan P. Pavlov studied stimulus-response relationships using dogs.
  • A tone or buzzer was paired with food.
3

3. Operant Conditioning and Reinforcement

  • Operant conditioning is also called instrumental conditioning.
  • B.F. Skinner is the most influential psychologist associated with operant conditioning.
  • Skinner developed the Skinner Box to study learning in rats.
4

4. Observational Learning

  • Observational learning is the third major way of learning.
  • It depends on the existence of an appropriate model.
  • Children learn by observing the behaviour of others.

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

Learning is a relatively durable changeClassical conditioning is a basic typeAcquisition is the gradual developmentOperant conditioning is a basic typeReinforcement is any action or stimulus

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Learning for NIOS Class 10 Psychology?
Key topics in Learning include Progression of skill learning from beginner to expert level, Three types of transfer of training and their effects, Mind map of effective learning strategies and study habits. These are the concepts NIOS Class 10 examiners draw on most — study them first, then practise related questions.
How to score full marks in Learning — NIOS Class 10 Psychology?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 45 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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