Constitutional Values And Political System In India
NIOS · Class 10 · Social Studies
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1. Meaning of Constitution and the Indian Constitution
- Constitution means a set of fundamental principles, basic rules and established precedents.
- It defines and regulates the structure and functioning of the State.
- It fixes the powers and functions of the executive, legislature and judiciary.
2. Constitutional Values in the Preamble
- The Preamble expresses the fundamental values and philosophy on which the Constitution is based.
- India is described as a sovereign socialist secular democratic republic.
- The Preamble reflects sovereignty, socialism, secularism, democracy, republican character, justice, liberty, equality, fraternity, dignity of the individual, and unity and integrity of the nation.
3. Salient Features of the Constitution
- The Indian Constitution is written and very detailed.
- It is a unique blend of rigidity and flexibility.
- Some amendments need simple majority, some special majority, and some special majority plus State approval.
4. Federal System in India
- India has a federal system with two levels of government: Union and State.
- Constitutionally India has a two-tier government, even though local governments are often spoken of as a third tier.
- The Constitution divides powers through the Union List, State List and Concurrent List.
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