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d-block and f-block Elements — Revision Notes

Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Chemistry

d-block and f-block Elements revision notes for Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Chemistry: 4 topics in quick points.

50 questions35 flashcards3 formulas & key relations5 concepts

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Key Topics to Revise

1

Transition Elements and Electronic Configuration

  • Transition elements are defined as those with partially filled d-orbitals in either atomic or ionic state.
  • General electronic configuration: (n-1)d¹⁻¹⁰ ns¹⁻².
  • Exceptions: Cr (Z=24) has configuration [Ar] 3d⁵ 4s¹ (not 3d⁴ 4s²) due to half-filled stability.
2

Physical and Chemical Properties of Transition Elements

  • High melting and boiling points due to strong metallic bonding and small atomic size.
  • High density increases across the series, peaking at groups 8–10.
  • Atomic radii decrease from left to right due to poor shielding by d-electrons, leading to increased effective nuclear charge.
3

Magnetic and Color Properties

  • Paramagnetism arises from unpaired electrons; more unpaired electrons mean higher magnetic moment.
  • Diamagnetic substances have all electrons paired.
  • Magnetic moment calculated using μ = √[n(n+2)] B.M., where n = number of unpaired electrons.
4

Alloy Formation, Interstitial Compounds, and Catalytic Properties

  • Transition metals form alloys due to similar atomic sizes allowing substitution in crystal lattice.
  • Interstitial compounds form when small atoms like H, C, N occupy voids in metal lattice — very hard and rigid.
  • Catalytic activity due to variable oxidation states and ability to adsorb reactants on surface.

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

Transition elements are those inDue to the small energy differenceThe steady decrease in atomicTransition metal ions are often coloredTransition metals act as catalysts due

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in d-block and f-block Elements for Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Chemistry?
Key topics in d-block and f-block Elements include Transition Elements and Electronic Configuration, Physical and Chemical Properties of Transition Elements, Magnetic and Color Properties, Alloy Formation, Interstitial Compounds, and Catalytic Properties. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 board exam.
How should I revise d-block and f-block Elements for the Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 50 practice questions on d-block and f-block Elements. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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All Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Chemistry Revision Notes

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