Princely States Of India
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · History
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Key Topics to Revise
Understanding Princely States
- Princely States were semi-autonomous regions ruled by local kings under British supervision.
- There were nearly 565 Princely States before independence.
- They were not part of British India but were under British influence through subsidiary alliances.
Administration and Rule in Princely States
- Most Princely States were autocratic — rulers had absolute power.
- Land tax was often heavier than in British India.
- Rulers used state income for personal use and lavish lifestyles.
Social and Educational Contributions
- Many rulers supported education by funding schools and colleges.
- Examples: Hindu University at Banaras, Khalsa College at Amritsar, Aligarh Muslim University.
- Rulers often supported institutions linked to their religion or community.
Mass Movements and Integration into India
- Peasants in states like Mewar, Kashmir, and Travancore revolted against high taxes and oppression.
- These early uprisings were crushed with British and zamindar support.
- In the 1920s, urban middle-class groups formed 'Praja Parishads' to demand rights.
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