Executive

A parliamentary executive is one in which the executive depends on the support of the majority in the legislature/parliament. If it loses that support, it must resign.

I agree most with Amit only in the limited sense that the President in India is not a real executive and usually acts on the advice of the Council of Ministers. But the President is not merely a rubber stamp. The President has some discretionary powers:

- can ask the Council of Ministers to reconsider advice,
- has veto power over Bills (except Money Bills),
- can use discretion in appointing the Prime Minister when no party has a clear majority.

So, the President is a formal head with dignity and authority, not an all-powerful ruler. I do not agree with Shama, because the President does not have the power to remove the Prime Minister in ordinary circumstances. I also do not agree with Rajesh, because India follows a parliamentary system with a separate constitutional President.

The correct matching is:

- i → b. State Civil Services
- ii → d. Central Services
- iii → c. All India Services
- iv → a. Indian Foreign Service

a. Tamil Nadu Textbooks Corporation — this would be a State government release, because textbooks for Tamil Nadu schools concern a State function.

b. Railway loop line — this would be a ministry of the central government, because railways are a Union subject and are handled by the Central government.

c. Committee on farmers’ suicides in Ramayampet mandal — this would be a State government release, because it concerns local administration and agriculture-related matters within the State.

So, among these, (a) and (c) are State government items, and (b) is a central government item.

The President appoints as Prime Minister the leader of the alliance or party that has the support of the majority in the Lok Sabha.