Absorption of Water and Minerals by Roots

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Water is essential because a large part of the protoplasm is made of water, plants generally contain more water than animals, and water helps in opening and closing of stomata, photosynthesis, transpo…

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Imbibition is the process of adsorption of water molecules by dry hydrophilic colloids due to surface attraction. It happens along the diffusion gradient. A common example is the swelling of dry seeds…

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Three examples are swelling of dry seeds during germination, absorption of water by wooden doors and windows during the rainy season, and kneading of flour.

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Diffusion is the movement of molecules of a substance, solid, liquid, or gas, from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration when they are in direct contact. It does not requir…

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A crystal of potassium permanganate is dropped into water in a beaker. The purple colour spreads gradually through the water until it becomes evenly distributed. This shows movement from higher concen…

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The rate of diffusion mainly depends on the size, temperature, and concentration of molecules. A larger concentration difference causes faster diffusion.

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Osmosis is a special kind of diffusion in which water molecules move through a semipermeable membrane from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. It involves only liquid …

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Distilled water is kept in a beaker and 20% sugar solution is placed in a thistle funnel whose mouth is covered with a semipermeable membrane such as cellophane or goat bladder. After about 15 minutes…