Circulatory System of Man
ICSE · Class 10 · Biology
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Explore the full setWhat is the circulatory system and what are its main functions?
Answer
The circulatory system is the transport system of the body that carries vital components to cells and removes wastes. Its main functions are: 1) Supply oxygen to cells, 2) Remove CO2, 3) Distribute nu…
What is the difference between open and closed circulatory systems?
Answer
Open circulatory system: Capillaries are absent, arteries open into blood sinuses (found in arthropods, mollusks). Closed circulatory system: Blood capillaries present between arteries and veins, no b…
What is blood and what are its basic properties?
Answer
Blood is a fluid connective tissue. Properties: Volume 4.5-5.5L (women), 5-6L (men); pH 7.4 (slightly alkaline); specific gravity 1.05-1.06; bright red when oxygenated (arteries), dull red when deoxyg…
What is plasma and what are its main components?
Answer
Plasma is blood minus the formed elements (cells and platelets). It is 55% of blood volume, transparent, alkaline, straw-colored fluid. Composition: 92% water, 8% solids. Solids include proteins (albu…
Describe the structure and characteristics of Red Blood Cells (RBCs).
Answer
RBCs are small, circular, biconcave discs (8μm diameter, 2μm thick). Biconcave shape provides more surface area for gas exchange. Elastic and flexible for passing through capillaries. Mature RBCs are …
What is hemoglobin and what is its function?
Answer
Hemoglobin is a respiratory pigment in RBCs containing iron (haem) conjugated with globin protein. One molecule can transport 4 oxygen molecules. Forms oxyhaemoglobin in lungs (Hb + O₂ → HbO₂), releas…
What are the different types of White Blood Cells (WBCs) and their percentages?
Answer
WBCs are of two types: Granulocytes (with granules): 1) Neutrophils (50-70%) - destroy bacteria, 2) Eosinophils (1-5%) - destroy parasites, involved in allergies, 3) Basophils (0-1%) - secrete heparin…
What is the process of blood clotting and what factors are required?
Answer
Blood clotting occurs in three steps: 1) Injured tissues and platelets release thromboplastin, 2) Thromboplastin converts prothrombin to thrombin (requires Ca²⁺), 3) Thrombin converts fibrinogen to fi…
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