Chemical Thermodynamics — Flashcards

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Thermodynamics is the branch of science which deals with the study of different forms of energy and the quantitative relationship between them. Chemical thermodynamics deals with energy changes during…

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A system is that specific part of the universe which is under study and has fixed boundaries. Surroundings are the rest of the universe outside the system.

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Open system: exchanges both matter and energy. Closed system: exchanges only energy. Isolated system: exchanges neither matter nor energy.

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Open beaker: open system, because matter and energy can both escape or enter. Sealed metallic container: closed system, because only energy is exchanged. Thermos flask: isolated system, because neithe…

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All living systems continuously exchange matter and energy with the surroundings. This exchange is necessary for life processes such as respiration, nutrition, and waste removal.

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Intensive properties do not depend on the amount of matter, such as temperature, density, concentration, specific heat, viscosity, and surface tension. Extensive properties depend on the amount of mat…

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Internal energy and enthalpy are state functions. Heat and work are not state functions because they depend on the path followed during the change.

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Heat and work depend on the path taken from the initial state to the final state. A change in a state function depends only on the initial and final states, not on the path. Therefore, heat and work a…