d- and f-Block Elements
ICSE · Class 12 · Chemistry
Flashcards for d- and f-Block Elements — ICSE Class 12 Chemistry. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.
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Explore the full setWhat are transition elements?
Answer
Transition elements are those elements in which the differentiating electron enters the (n-1)d subshell. They belong to groups 3 to 12 of the periodic table.
What are inner transition elements?
Answer
Inner transition elements are those elements in which the differentiating electron enters the (n-2)f subshell. They form the lanthanoid and actinoid series placed separately at the bottom of the perio…
Why are d-block elements called transition elements?
Answer
They lie between the highly electropositive s-block elements and the electronegative p-block elements, so they show transitional behaviour between ionic and covalent character.
Write the first transition series, second transition series, third transition series, and fourth transition series.
Answer
First transition series: Sc to Zn. Second transition series: Y to Cd. Third transition series: La and Hf to Hg. Fourth transition series: Ac and elements with atomic number 104 and above.
Why is chromium an exception in electronic configuration?
Answer
Chromium has [Ar] 3d5 4s1 instead of the expected [Ar] 3d4 4s2. Half-filled and completely filled subshells are extra stable, so one 4s electron shifts to 3d to give a more stable arrangement.
Why is copper an exception in electronic configuration?
Answer
Copper has [Ar] 3d10 4s1 instead of the expected [Ar] 3d9 4s2. One 4s electron shifts to 3d to give a completely filled d subshell, which is extra stable.
Why are Zn, Cd, and Hg not true transition elements?
Answer
Zn, Cd, and Hg do not have partially filled d orbitals in their atoms or in their common ions. Zn and Zn2+ are 3d10, Cd and Cd2+ are 4d10, and Hg and Hg2+ are 5d10.
What is the general electronic configuration of transition elements?
Answer
The general electronic configuration is (n-1)d1-10 ns1-2.
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