The Legislature

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The legislature is the law-making body of the state. It discusses public issues, makes laws, controls the executive, approves the budget, and checks misuse of power.

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The legislature controls the sources of supply, creates public offices, and establishes new services. Because of these powers, it helps regulate the administration of the state.

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A bicameral legislature has two Houses: an Upper House and a Lower House. This arrangement allows different sections, interests, and regions to be represented.

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Lower houses are called popular chambers because they represent the people directly. Direct election gives them a strong democratic base and makes them more closely linked to public opinion.

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Each state elects 2 Senators directly. The Senate has 100 members in total, because there are 50 states.

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A Senator must be at least 30 years old, a citizen for at least 9 years, and a resident of the state from which elected.

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A Senator is elected for 6 years. One-third of the Senate retires every second year, so the House remains a continuing body.

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It confirms many presidential appointments, approves treaties, acts as a court of impeachment, conducts investigations, and can block or delay bills through filibustering.