ICSE Class 12 Political Science — Flashcards for Quick Revision

A: A totalitarian state is one where government authority is total and absolute over a person's whole life. No part of life is outside state control. It is dictatorial, monistic, and opposed to liberal d

A: A totalitarian state controls all aspects of life, suppresses opposition, and uses force, propaganda, and surveillance. A liberal-democratic state rests on the will of the people, protects liberty, an

A: It expresses the idea that the state is treated as supreme and sacred. In totalitarian thinking, the state is given an almost divine status.

A: A constitution is a body of rules and regulations, written as well as unwritten, whereby the government is organised and it functions.

A: There can be no state without a constitution of its own. A state needs rules to organise government and run public affairs in an orderly way.

A: The term constitutional state now means a democratic political order. It stands on the pillars of equality, liberty, and supremacy of law.

A: Universal Adult Franchise means the right to vote is given to all adult citizens without discrimination on artificial or unreasonable grounds. It supports political equality and democratic participati

A: It means every citizen has equal voting value in a democracy. Universal Adult Franchise is based on this principle.

A: The minimum voting age is 18 years in Britain, the USA, and India, and 20 years in Switzerland.