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Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi — Syllabus

ICSE · Class 9 · Biology

What Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi covers in ICSE Class 9 Biology: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session.

42 questions47 flashcards5 concepts

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A labeled diagram illustrating the four main morphological shapes of bacteria: Coccus (spherical), Bacillus (rod-shaped), Vibrio (comma-shaped), and Spirillum (spiral-shaped).
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4 Topics · ICSE Class 9 Biology · 2026-27

Topics in Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi

1

Bacteria: General Features

  • Bacteria are unicellular prokaryotes without a true nucleus and no chlorophyll.
  • Bacterial cells are very small, about 2 micrometres long and 0.5 micrometre thick.
  • The bacterial cell wall is made of peptidoglycan, not cellulose.
2

Useful Role of Bacteria in Medicine

  • Bacteria are used in medicine to produce antibiotics, serums, vaccines, and toxoids.
  • An antibiotic is a chemical substance produced by a living organism or living micro-organism that can stop the growth of some disease-producing micro-organisms.
  • A good antibiotic should be broad spectrum, should not produce undesirable side-effects, and should not kill normal bacteria of the host.
3

Useful Role of Bacteria in Agriculture

  • Rhizobium lives in root nodules of leguminous plants and converts free nitrogen into soluble nitrates.
  • Free living bacteria like Azotobacter and Clostridium convert free nitrogen of the soil into ammonia.
  • The ammonia is converted into amino acids and nitrates, enriching the soil.
4

Useful Role of Bacteria in Industry and Food

  • Different flavours of tea are produced by certain bacteria through tea curing.
  • Leather tanning involves bacteria breaking down the soft perishable parts of hide, along with sunlight.
  • Bacteria are also used in curing hides and skins.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Economic importance of bacteria and fungi in medicine, agriculture, industry, food preservation, and harmful effects

BacteriaUseful role of bacteriaHarmful role of bacteriaAntibioticsSerum and antitoxinVaccines and toxoidsNitrogen cycle roles of bacteriaFood preservation by bacteria control

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi for ICSE Class 9 Biology?
Key topics in Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi include Bacteria: General Features, Useful Role of Bacteria in Medicine, Useful Role of Bacteria in Agriculture, Useful Role of Bacteria in Industry and Food. Study these first, then practise questions on each for Class 9 exams.
How should I revise Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi for Class 9 exams?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 42 practice questions on Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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