Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi
ICSE · Class 9 · Biology
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See them allWhat are bacteria in simple biological terms?
Answer
Bacteria are unicellular prokaryotes without a true nucleus and no chlorophyll. They are very small, usually about 2 micrometres long and 0.5 micrometre thick. They are not classified as plants in the…
Why are bacteria not classified as plants?
Answer
Bacteria are not classified as plants because they have no chlorophyll and their mode of nutrition is heterotrophic, not autotrophic. This makes them different from green plants, even though they may …
What are the main shapes of bacteria?
Answer
The main shapes of bacteria are cocci, bacilli, spirilla and vibrio. Cocci are spherical, bacilli are rod-shaped, spirilla are spiral or twisted, and vibrio are comma-shaped.
What do the terms diplococci, streptococci and staphylococci mean?
Answer
Diplococci are bacteria occurring in pairs, streptococci occur in long chains, and staphylococci occur in clusters. These terms describe how bacterial cells are arranged.
Describe the structure of a bacterial cell.
Answer
A bacterial cell has a cell wall made of peptidoglycan, a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and chromatin material. The chromatin material is a single circle, not enclosed in a nuclear membrane, and is attach…
How do bacteria move?
Answer
Most bacteria do not move by themselves, but some have one or more flagella. Flagella help them move actively in liquid environments.
What kind of nutrition do bacteria show?
Answer
Most bacteria are heterotrophic because they have no chlorophyll. They may be saprotrophic, feeding on dead and decaying matter, or parasitic, feeding on living hosts.
How do bacteria usually respire?
Answer
Some bacteria respire with oxygen and are called aerobic bacteria. Others do not need free oxygen and are called anaerobic bacteria. Anaerobic bacteria are killed if exposed to air.
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