Five Kingdom Classification
ICSE · Class 9 · Biology
Complete topic list for Five Kingdom Classification in ICSE Class 9 Biology. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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1. Levels of Classification
- The taxonomic hierarchy from highest to lowest is: Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Order → Family → Genus → Species.
- Species is the lowest category and kingdom is the largest division of living beings.
- All individuals of a species can normally interbreed among themselves.
2. Species and Scientific Naming
- Species means an organism of a particular kind whose members can interbreed among themselves to produce fertile young ones.
- All house cats belong to one species: Felis domesticus.
- All mankind belongs to one species: Homo sapiens.
3. Drawbacks of the Old Two-Kingdom Classification
- The old classification divided living organisms into Plantae and Animalia.
- Bacteria and fungi are not plants because they have no chlorophyll and do not carry out photosynthesis.
- Some unicellular organisms such as Euglena cannot be called only plant or only animal.
4. The Five Kingdoms
- The five kingdoms are Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.
- Monera organisms are unicellular and prokaryotic.
- Monera have no organized nucleus and no membrane-bound organelles.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Classification of living organisms into five kingdoms based on cell structure, body organisation, and mode of nutrition
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