Photosynthesis — Flashcards
Maharashtra Board · Class 11 · Biology
20 flashcards for Photosynthesis (Maharashtra Board Class 11 Biology) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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What is photosynthesis? Write the overall equation.
Answer
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants synthesize carbohydrates (glucose) from inorganic materials (CO₂ and H₂O) using solar energy trapped by chlorophyll pigments. Overall equation: 6CO…
Describe the structure of chloroplast and its components.
Answer
Chloroplast structure: - Double membrane bound organelle - Outer and inner membrane with intermembrane space - Stroma: Ground substance inside the membranes - Grana: Stacks of thylakoids (singular: gr…
What are the main types of photosynthetic pigments and their functions?
Answer
Main photosynthetic pigments: 1. Chlorophyll a: Primary pigment, has methyl group (-CH₃) 2. Chlorophyll b: Accessory pigment, has aldehyde group (-CHO) 3. Carotenoids: Orange-red pigments (carotenes …
Differentiate between absorption spectrum and action spectrum.
Answer
Absorption Spectrum: - Graph showing light absorption at different wavelengths by different pigments - Shows which wavelengths are absorbed by each pigment - Measured in laboratory conditions Action …
Explain Van Niel's experiment and its significance.
Answer
Van Niel's Experiment (1931): - Used bacteria with H₂S instead of H₂O - Reaction: 6CO₂ + 12H₂S → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6H₂O + 12S↓ - Proposed that in green plants, H₂O is used instead of H₂S Significance: - Show…
What is Hill reaction and what does it prove?
Answer
Hill Reaction (1937): - Isolated chloroplasts cultured in medium with water (no CO₂) and ferric compound - On illumination, ferric compound reduced due to H₂ from water photolysis - O₂ evolved from wa…
What are photosystems? Describe PS-I and PS-II.
Answer
Photosystems: Clusters of chlorophyll and accessory pigments with reaction centers Photosystem II (PS-II): - Reaction center: P₆₈₀ (absorbs at 680nm) - Function: Water photolysis and oxygen evolution…
Compare cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation.
Answer
Cyclic Photophosphorylation: - Involves only PS-I - Electrons return to same photosystem - Only ATP is produced - No O₂ evolution or NADPH₂ formation - No photolysis of water Non-cyclic Photophosphor…
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