Morphology of Flowering Plants — Flashcards
Maharashtra Board · Class 11 · Biology
25 flashcards for Morphology of Flowering Plants (Maharashtra Board Class 11 Biology) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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What are angiosperms and how are they classified based on habitat?
Answer
Angiosperms are flowering plants that dominate the plant kingdom. Based on habitat, they are classified as: Hydrophytes (aquatic habitats like Hydrilla), Xerophytes (desert regions like Opuntia), Psam…
Describe the structure and function of a root cap.
Answer
Root cap is a parenchymatous multicellular structure present over the growing root apex. Functions: (1) Protects the growing meristematic region, (2) Secretes mucilage for lubrication during soil pene…
What are the different regions of a typical root from tip to base?
Answer
From tip to base: (1) Root cap - protective covering, (2) Meristematic region - actively dividing cells for growth, (3) Region of elongation - cells elongate rapidly, (4) Region of root hairs/pilifero…
Compare tap root system and adventitious root system.
Answer
Tap Root System: Develops from radicle, has main primary root with secondary and tertiary branches, found in dicots (e.g., pea, bean). Adventitious Root System: Develops from parts other than radicle …
Explain the three types of swollen tap roots for food storage.
Answer
Based on shape: (1) Fusiform root - swollen in middle, tapering at both ends, spindle-shaped (e.g., Radish), (2) Conical root - broad at base, narrows toward apex (e.g., Carrot), (3) Napiform root - s…
What are pneumatophores and why do halophytes need them?
Answer
Pneumatophores are respiratory roots in halophytes (plants in saline/marshy areas). They are negatively geotropic roots growing vertically upward with lenticels for gaseous exchange. Need: Main root s…
Distinguish between prop roots and stilt roots with examples.
Answer
Prop Roots: Arise from horizontal branches, grow vertically downward, become thick pillar-like supports (e.g., Banyan tree - Ficus benghalensis). Stilt Roots: Arise from lower nodes of weak stems, gro…
What are haustoria and how do they function in parasitic plants?
Answer
Haustoria are specialized microscopic sucking roots in parasitic plants. Function: Penetrate host tissue to absorb nutrients. Examples: Viscum album (partial parasite) - haustoria penetrate xylem for …
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