Microbes in Human Welfare

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Probiotics are live beneficial microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed, primarily by improving gut flora. Unlike pathogens which cause disease, probiotics prevent the growth of harmf…

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Curd formation is a fermentation process where lactic acid bacteria (LAB) like Lactobacillus species are added to fresh milk as a starter culture. At suitable temperature (≤40°C), these bacteria multi…

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These two microorganisms work together to produce yogurt through bacterial fermentation of milk. S. thermophilus and L. bulgaricus coagulate the milk protein and convert lactose into lactic acid. The …

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Propionibacterium shermanii is a bacterium used as a starter culture in Swiss cheese production. During fermentation, this bacterium produces large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas as a metabolic b…

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Idlis and dosas use Leuconostoc mesenteroides, a bacterium that ferments the dough and produces lactic acid, giving these foods their characteristic sour taste and fluffy texture. In contrast, bread m…

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Single Cell Protein refers to edible unicellular microorganisms, most commonly Spirulina, that serve as protein-rich food sources. SCP is produced from pure or mixed cultures of algae, yeasts, fungi, …

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An antibiotic is a chemical substance produced by microorganisms that can kill or retard the growth of other disease-causing microbes, even in low concentrations. The term 'antibiotic' literally means…

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In 1926, Alexander Fleming observed a green mold (later identified as Penicillium notatum) growing on one of his unwashed culture plates. Around this mold, Staphylococci bacteria could not grow, indic…