Human Reproduction — Flashcards

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The four main functions are: (1) Production of gametes (sperms and ova), (2) Transport and sustenance of gametes, (3) Nurturing of the developing offspring, and (4) Production of reproductive hormones…

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The scrotum is a pouch of skin hanging outside the abdominal cavity that contains and protects the testes. Its primary function is thermoregulation—it maintains a temperature 2-3°C lower than normal b…

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Sertoli cells (nurse cells) are located in the seminiferous tubule epithelium and provide nourishment to developing sperms until maturation. They also secrete inhibin for feedback control of sperm pro…

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Sperms are produced in seminiferous tubules and travel through: (1) Tubulus rectus → (2) Rete testis → (3) Vasa efferentia → (4) Epididymis (storage and maturation) → (5) Vas deferens → (6) Ejaculator…

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Semen is composed of sperms and seminal plasma from three glands: (1) Seminal vesicles secrete alkaline fluid with fructose (energy), ascorbic acid, prostaglandins, and vesiculase enzyme (enhances mot…

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Spermatogenesis is the process of sperm formation in the seminiferous tubules of testes. Starting at puberty, spermatogonia undergo mitotic division to form primary spermatocytes, which undergo two me…

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A mature sperm has four main parts: (1) Head - contains acrosome (with hyaluronidase enzyme for egg penetration) and nucleus (haploid DNA), (2) Neck - contains centrioles that aid in first cell divisi…

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The ovaries are the primary female sex organs located one on each side of the lower abdomen, measuring 2-4 cm. They are covered by germinal epithelium and contain ovarian stroma divided into cortex (c…