Factorisation of Polynomials — Syllabus
ICSE · Class 10 · Mathematics
What Factorisation of Polynomials covers in ICSE Class 10 Mathematics: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Part of the ICSE Class 10 Mathematics syllabus.
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See them allTopics in Factorisation of Polynomials
1. Types of polynomials
- Polynomial classification is done by number of terms and by degree.
- Monomial means one term, binomial means two terms, and trinomial means three terms.
- Linear, quadratic, cubic, and constant polynomials are classified by degree.
2. Division Algorithm for Polynomials
- If a polynomial f(x) is divided by a non-zero polynomial g(x), there exist unique polynomials q(x) and r(x) such that f(x)=g(x)q(x)+r(x).
- Here, f(x) is the dividend, g(x) is the divisor, q(x) is the quotient, and r(x) is the remainder.
- Either r(x)=0 or deg r(x) < deg g(x).
3. Factor of a polynomial
- A non-zero polynomial g(x) is called a factor of f(x) if and only if there exists a polynomial q(x) such that f(x)=q(x)·g(x).
- In this case, the remainder is zero.
- x^2-5x+6 factorises as (x-2)(x-3), so x-2 is a factor of x^2-5x+6.
4. Value of a polynomial at a number
- The value of a polynomial at x=α is obtained by substituting α for x throughout the polynomial.
- For a polynomial f(x)=a_0x^n+a_1x^{n-1}+...+a_{n-1}x+a_n, the value at x=α is f(α)=a_0α^n+a_1α^{n-1}+...+a_{n-1}α+a_n.
- Example: for f(x)=x^2+5x+4, the value at x=3 is found by writing f(3)=(3)^2+5(3)+4.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Factorisation of Polynomials
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