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Syllabus

Similarity

ICSE · Class 10 · Mathematics

Complete topic list for Similarity in ICSE Class 10 Mathematics. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.

45 questions22 flashcards5 concepts

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A comparison illustrating the difference between congruent figures (same shape and size) and similar figures (same shape, different size), using examples of triangles and other polygons.
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4 Topics · ICSE Class 10 Mathematics

Topics in Similarity

1

Introduction to Similarity

  • Similar figures have the same shape but may have different sizes
  • All congruent figures are similar, but all similar figures are not necessarily congruent
  • Similarity involves proportionality of corresponding parts
2

Criteria for Similarity of Triangles

  • Three main criteria: AA (Angle-Angle), SAS (Side-Angle-Side), SSS (Side-Side-Side)
  • AA Similarity: If two angles of one triangle are equal to two angles of another triangle, the triangles are similar
  • SAS Similarity: If one angle and the two sides including it are proportional to the corresponding angle and sides of another triangle
3

Basic Proportionality Theorem (Thales' Theorem)

  • If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle, it divides the other two sides proportionally
  • Converse: If a line divides two sides of a triangle proportionally, then it is parallel to the third side
  • This theorem is fundamental for proving many similarity relationships
4

Angle Bisector Theorem

  • The internal bisector of an angle in a triangle divides the opposite side in the ratio of the other two sides
  • If AD is the angle bisector of ∠A in triangle ABC, then BD/DC = AB/AC
  • Converse: If a line divides the opposite side in the ratio of the other two sides, then it bisects the angle

Key Concepts

Figures that have the same shapeThree conditions to prove trianglesIf a line is drawn parallelIf a line divides two sidesThe ratio of areas of two

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Similarity for ICSE Class 10 Mathematics?
Similarity covers several key topics that are frequently asked in ICSE Class 10 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
How to score full marks in Similarity — ICSE Class 10 Mathematics?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 45 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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All 22 chapters — ICSE Class 10 Mathematics Syllabus

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