Marine Processes and Associated Landforms
ICSE · Class 11 · Geography
Quick revision notes for Marine Processes and Associated Landforms — ICSE Class 11 Geography. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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Key Topics to Revise
1. Nature and Genesis of Sea Waves
- Sea waves are undulations of sea water with well developed crests and troughs.
- Crest is the upper part of the wave and trough is the lower part.
- Wavelength is the horizontal distance between two successive crests or troughs.
2. Work of Sea Waves
- Sea waves are the chief agent of gradation in coastal areas.
- The erosional work of sea waves depends on wave size and strength, seaward slope, tidal height range, rock composition, and water depth.
- Surf waves can exert very high pressure on the shore.
3. Erosional Landforms Formed by Sea Waves
- A sea cliff is a scarp face of the coast facing the sea.
- A cliff begins when waves cut a notch at sea level.
- The notch widens, the overhanging rock is undermined, and the rock collapses to form a cliff.
4. Depositional Landforms Formed by Sea Waves
- Sea waves deposit the eroded material and build features of accumulation.
- A beach is formed by deposition of sand, gravel, and pebbles between low-tide level and the coastline.
- A beach grows when waves are less active and can be destroyed by strong waves.
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