World Climatic Types
ICSE · Class 11 · Geography
Quick revision notes for World Climatic Types — ICSE Class 11 Geography. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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Key Topics to Revise
Weather and Climate
- Weather is the sum total of atmospheric conditions at a place at a particular time.
- Climate is the generalized and composite picture of average weather conditions and prominent departures over 30-35 years for a larger area.
- Weather changes often and is studied over a small area; climate is more or less permanent and is studied over a large area.
Major Temperature Zones of the World
- The ancient Greeks made the first attempt to classify world climates on the basis of temperature.
- The Tropical or Torrid Zone extends from 23½° N to 23½° S and has almost vertical sun rays and no winter season.
- The Temperate or Mid-latitude Zone lies between 23½° and 66½° latitudes and has marked seasonal contrasts.
Low Latitude Climates
- Low latitude climates are generally confined to the tropical belt from 23½° N to 23½° S.
- Monsoon and desert climates may extend to 30° and even beyond in the northern hemisphere.
- The mean annual isotherm of 20°C determines the farthest limit of low latitude climates from the equator.
Equatorial Climate
- Equatorial climate extends up to 10° N and S of the equator and may extend up to 20° on windward margins.
- It is found in the Amazon Basin, Zaire Basin, and the south-east Asian Islands.
- The annual average temperature is 27°C.
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