The Language of Chemistry
ICSE · Class 9 · Chemistry
Summary of The Language of Chemistry for ICSE Class 9 Chemistry. Key concepts, important points, and chapter overview.
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Chemistry uses symbols, formulae, valency, radicals, and chemical equations to describe matter and its changes in a short and exact way. A symbol stands for one atom of an element, a formula shows the atoms present in a molecule, valency shows combining capacity, and a chemical equation gives the sy
Key Concepts
A symbol is the short form
A symbol is the short form that stands for the atom of a specific element. It usually uses the first letter of the element name in capital form, and s
A molecular formula shows the symbols
A molecular formula shows the symbols of the atoms in a molecule and the number of each atom present. For example, H2O shows two hydrogen atoms and on
Valency is the combining capacity
Valency is the combining capacity of an atom or a radical. It shows how many hydrogen atoms can combine with it, or how many electrons it can lose, ga
Some elements show more than one
Some elements show more than one valency. Iron shows valencies 2 and 3, copper shows 1 and 2, mercury shows 1 and 2, lead shows 2 and 4, and tin shows
A radical is an atom
A radical is an atom or group of atoms that behaves as a single unit with a positive or negative charge. Simple radicals are single atoms like Na+ and
Learning Objectives
- Understand the meaning and use of chemical symbols
- Identify monoatomic, diatomic, tetratomic, and octatomic molecules
- Learn the idea of valency and variable valency
- Recognize radicals and write chemical formulae correctly
- Write chemical equations and balance them by hit and trial method
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