Green Chemistry and Nanochemistry — Flashcards
Maharashtra Board · Class 12 · Chemistry
24 flashcards for Green Chemistry and Nanochemistry (Maharashtra Board Class 12 Chemistry) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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What is Green Chemistry? Provide the complete definition.
Answer
Green Chemistry is the use of chemistry for pollution prevention by environmentally conscious design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use or generation of hazardous subs…
Define sustainable development and explain its relationship with green chemistry.
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Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own need. Green chemistry plays an important role in su…
What is atom economy? Provide the formula and explain its significance.
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Atom economy is a measure of the amount of atoms from the starting materials that are present in the useful products at the end of chemical process. Formula: % atom economy = (Formula weight of the de…
Calculate the atom economy for the conversion of Butan-1-ol to 1-bromobutane: CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂OH + NaBr + H₂SO₄ → CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂Br + NaHSO₄ + H₂O
Answer
Given reaction: CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂OH + NaBr + H₂SO₄ → CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂Br + NaHSO₄ + H₂O Mass of desired product (C₄H₉Br) = 137u Sum of all reactants = 275u % atom economy = (137u/275u) × 100 = 49.81% This relat…
Explain the principle 'Prevention of waste or by-products' with an example from Zero Waste Technology (ZWT).
Answer
This principle prioritizes prevention of waste rather than cleaning up after waste creation. Zero Waste Technology (ZWT) aims for zero or minimum waste in chemical synthesis and uses waste from one sy…
How does the principle 'Less hazardous chemical synthesis' apply to insecticide development?
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Earlier DDT (Dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane) was used as an insecticide, effective against typhoid and malaria-carrying mosquitos. However, DDT was found harmful to living things. Now benzene hexach…
Explain how 'Use Safer solvents and auxiliaries' principle is implemented with specific examples.
Answer
This principle focuses on using green solvents like water and supercritical CO₂ instead of volatile halogenated organic solvents (CH₂Cl₂, CHCl₃, CCl₄). Water is a safe, benign solvent while dichlorome…
What is the significance of using catalysts in green chemistry? Complete the catalyst chart for common reactions.
Answer
Catalysts speed up reactions, increase selectivity, minimize waste, and reduce reaction times and energy demands. Common catalysts: 1) Hydrogenation of oil: Ni, 2) Haber's process: Fe, 3) HDPE manufac…
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