Ray Optics — Flashcards
Tamil Nadu Board · Class 12 · Physics
31 flashcards for Ray Optics (Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Physics) to test yourself on key terms and facts. Sample: "State the Law of Reflection and explain.
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State the Law of Reflection and explain what it means.
Answer
Law of Reflection: The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection (i = r). Meaning: When light hits a reflecting surface, the angle at which it strikes (measured from the normal) equals the an…
A light ray hits a plane mirror at an angle of incidence of 35°. What is the angle of reflection? What is the angle of deviation?
Answer
Step 1: Apply Law of Reflection Angle of reflection = Angle of incidence = 35° Step 2: Calculate angle of deviation Formula: d = 180° - (i + r) where i = angle of incidence, r = angle of reflection …
Why does a plane mirror always form a virtual, erect image? Explain using ray geometry.
Answer
Reason: When light from an object reflects off a plane mirror, the reflected rays appear to come from behind the mirror. Geometric explanation: 1. Two rays from object point A are drawn to mirror at …
A person of height 180 cm stands in front of a plane mirror. What is the minimum height of mirror required to see the full image?
Answer
Step 1: Understand the geometry Let eye position be E, head position be H, feet position be F Distance from eye to head = h₁ Distance from eye to feet = h₂ Total height h = h₁ + h₂ = 180 cm Step 2: A…
State the relationship between focal length (f) and radius of curvature (R) for a spherical mirror. Derive it briefly.
Answer
Relationship: f = R/2 (or 2f = R) Derivation: Consider a spherical mirror with center of curvature C and radius R. A ray parallel to principal axis hits mirror at point M. This ray reflects through f…
An object is placed 20 cm in front of a concave mirror with focal length 15 cm. Find (a) image distance, (b) nature of image, (c) magnification.
Answer
Given: u = -20 cm (object distance, negative as per sign convention) f = -15 cm (focal length, negative for concave mirror) Part (a): Image distance using Mirror Equation Formula: 1/v + 1/u = 1/f 1/v…
What are paraxial rays and marginal rays? Why is the distinction important in mirror optics?
Answer
Paraxial Rays: - Rays that travel very close to the principal axis - Make small angles with the principal axis - Fall on mirror very close to the pole - All paraxial rays from an object point converge…
Define refractive index. Calculate the speed of light in water (n = 1.33). How does it compare to speed in vacuum?
Answer
Definition of Refractive Index: Refractive index (n) of a medium = c/v where c = speed of light in vacuum (3 × 10⁸ m/s) v = speed of light in the medium Physical meaning: It tells how much the light …
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