Water Resources -Irrigation — Flashcards

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Water is essential for all life forms because it supports biological processes such as digestion, circulation, and temperature regulation. It also plays a key role in agriculture, industry, and energy…

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Only about 2.5% of Earth's water is freshwater. Of this, more than two-thirds is locked in glaciers and polar ice caps, leaving a very small fraction available for human use.

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Water budget refers to the balance between the amount of water available in a region and the amount being used. It helps assess whether water supply meets demand and guides planning for sustainable wa…

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The four main sources of water are: 1) Surface water (rivers, lakes, ponds), 2) Underground water (aquifers), 3) Atmospheric water (moisture in air), and 4) Oceanic water (saltwater in oceans). Only s…

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Surface water comes mainly from precipitation like rain and snow. Some of it flows into rivers, lakes, and ponds, while some evaporates or seeps into the ground. Rivers like the Ganges, Indus, and Bra…

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Underground water is rainwater that seeps into the soil and gets stored in porous rocks below the surface, known as aquifers. It can be accessed through wells and tube wells and is a major source of i…

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Punjab and Haryana rely heavily on groundwater for irrigation due to high agricultural activity, especially for water-intensive crops like rice and wheat. Low rainfall and extensive canal networks hav…

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The three main means of irrigation in India are: 1) Wells and tube wells, 2) Canals, and 3) Tanks. Each method depends on regional geography, water availability, and infrastructure.