Indian Freedom Struggle — Flashcards
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · History
25 flashcards for Indian Freedom Struggle (Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 History) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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What was the main aim of the Indian freedom struggle?
Answer
The main aim was to achieve complete freedom from British rule in all aspects—political, economic, social, cultural, and religious. Indians sought self-rule (Swaraj), constitutional rights, and an end…
Define 'Swaraj'.
Answer
'Swaraj' means self-rule or self-governance. It was a central goal of the Indian freedom movement. For example, Lokmanya Tilak said, 'Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it,' emphasizing that Ind…
Why did foreign invasions lead to early freedom struggles in India?
Answer
Foreign invaders like the Persians, Alexander, Arabs, Turks, and Mughals brought political control, economic exploitation, and social changes. This led to resistance from local rulers and people who w…
What role did Shivaji play in the freedom struggle?
Answer
Shivaji fought for Swaraj against the Mughals and Bahamani Sultans in the Deccan region. He established a strong Maratha kingdom based on justice and self-rule, becoming an early symbol of resistance …
What were some social evils practiced during foreign rule?
Answer
Social evils included slavery, bonded labor, caste-based discrimination (Varna System), exploitation of women, sati system, and religious persecution. These injustices fueled reform movements and late…
Name two religious reformers who contributed to social freedom.
Answer
Vardhamana Mahavira and Gautama Buddha promoted religious freedom in the 6th century BCE. Later, Kabir and Basava challenged caste and ritualism, laying the foundation for social awakening that suppor…
How did modern education help the freedom struggle?
Answer
Modern and scientific education introduced Indians to ideas of liberty, equality, and democracy. It created a new class of educated Indians who questioned British rule and led movements through organi…
What is the significance of the year 1857 in Indian history?
Answer
1857 marks the Sepoy Mutiny or First War of Independence. It was a major uprising by Indian soldiers against the British East India Company, triggered by issues like the use of greased cartridges. Tho…
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