The Vijayanagara Empire— The Bahmani Kingdom - Rise Of Sikh Power And Marathas — Flashcards
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · History
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Who founded the Vijayanagara Empire and when?
Answer
The Vijayanagara Empire was founded by brothers Harihara and Bukka in 1336 CE. They belonged to a family of five brothers and established the kingdom in response to invasions from the north.
What was the significance of Deva Raya II’s reign?
Answer
Deva Raya II (1425–1446) was the greatest ruler of the Vijayanagara Empire. He strengthened the army by adopting features from the Delhi Sultanate, expanded control over South India, and promoted lite…
Why did conflicts arise between Vijayanagara and the Bahmani Kingdom?
Answer
Conflicts arose due to clashes over three key regions: the Tungabhadra Doab, the Krishna-Godavari delta, and Marathwada. Both kingdoms sought control over these fertile and strategic areas, leading to…
Who was Krishna Deva Raya? Why is he considered the greatest Vijayanagara ruler?
Answer
Krishna Deva Raya ruled from 1509 to 1530 and is considered the greatest Vijayanagara king. He restored internal order, defeated rivals like Orissa and the Deccan sultanates, expanded the empire, refo…
What led to the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire?
Answer
After Krishna Deva Raya’s death, a succession struggle weakened the empire. Real power fell to Rama Raja, who provoked the Deccan sultanates. In 1565, they united and defeated Vijayanagara at the Batt…
Describe the administrative structure of the Vijayanagara Empire.
Answer
The king ruled with a council of ministers. The empire was divided into mandalams (provinces), nadus (districts), sthalas (sub-districts), and gramas (villages). Military chiefs called nayaks or paleg…
What were the main sources of revenue under Vijayanagara?
Answer
The main source was land tax: one-third of wet crops like rice, one-fourth of sesame and ragi, and one-sixth of dry crops. Other taxes included property tax, profession tax, trade tax, marriage tax, a…
How did foreign travelers describe Vijayanagara?
Answer
Italian traveler Nicolo Conti (1420) described the city as massive, with walls stretching 60 miles. Persian traveler Abdur Razzaq praised its wealth, size, and seven-layered fortifications. He said th…
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