The United Nations Organization And Contemporary Issues — Syllabus
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Political Science
What The United Nations Organization And Contemporary Issues covers in Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Political Science: 4 topics, for the 2026-27.
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Topics in The United Nations Organization And Contemporary Issues
Terrorism: Meaning and Perspectives
- Terrorism is the intentional use of violence or threat of violence to create fear and achieve political, religious, or ideological goals.
- It targets civilians to influence public opinion and pressure governments.
- The term 'terrorism' originated during the French Revolution's 'Reign of Terror' in 1795.
Types of Terrorism
- State Terrorism: Government uses violence against its own citizens (e.g., Saddam Hussein using chemical weapons on Kurds).
- State-Sponsored Terrorism: Governments support non-state groups with funding, training, or safe havens (e.g., Syria supporting Hezbollah).
- Bioterrorism: Use of biological agents like anthrax or plague to harm people.
Human Rights and International Frameworks
- Human rights are universal, inherent to all people regardless of nationality, gender, or religion.
- The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was adopted by the UN on 10 December 1948.
- UDHR includes civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights.
Key UN Conventions and Women's Rights
- The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) was adopted in 1979.
- It became international law in 1981 after 20 countries ratified it.
- CEDAW promotes gender equality in education, employment, and political participation.
Key Concepts
Central concept: United Nations and Global Contemporary Issues
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