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Ecosystem

CBSE · Class 12 · Biology

NCERT Solutions for Ecosystem — CBSE Class 12 Biology.

52 questions72 flashcards5 concepts

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A diagram illustrating the interaction between biotic (producers, consumers, decomposers) and abiotic (sunlight, water, soil, temperature, air) components within an ecosystem.
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20 Questions Solved · 1 Section

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EXERCISES

1(a)Plants are called as _______ because they fix carbon dioxide.Show solution
Plants are called producers because they fix carbon dioxide and synthesize organic food by photosynthesis.

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1(b)In an ecosystem dominated by trees, the pyramid (of numbers) is _______ type.Show solution
In an ecosystem dominated by trees, the number of producers is very small compared with the large number of herbivores and other organisms depending on them, so the pyramid of numbers is inverted.

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1(c)In aquatic ecosystems, the limiting factor for the productivity is______.Show solution
In aquatic ecosystems, the limiting factor for productivity is light available for photosynthesis.

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1(d)Common detritivores in our ecosystem are______.Show solution
Common detritivores in our ecosystem are earthworms.

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1(e)The major reservoir of carbon on earth is______.Show solution
The major reservoir of carbon on Earth is the oceans.

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2Which one of the following has the largest population in a food chain?Show solution
The largest population in a food chain is generally at the base in terms of total organisms involved in breaking down dead matter; among the given options, decomposers have the largest population.

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3The second trophic level in a lake isShow solution
In a lake, the first trophic level is phytoplankton (producers), so the second trophic level is zooplankton (primary consumers).

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4Secondary producers areShow solution
Secondary producers are not herbivores, producers, or carnivores. Therefore the correct choice is None of the above.

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5What is the percentage of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the incident solar radiation?Show solution
Plants capture only 2–10% of the incident PAR.

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6(a)Distinguish betweenShow solution
Grazing food chain (GFC): Begins with living producers; energy passes from plants to herbivores and then to carnivores.

Detritus food chain (DFC): Begins with dead organic matter (detritus); energy passes to decomposers/saprotrophs and then to other consumers.

Main difference: GFC starts with living plants, while DFC starts with dead remains.

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6(b)Distinguish between
6(c)Distinguish between
6(d)Distinguish between
6(e)Distinguish between
6(f)Distinguish between
7Describe the components of an ecosystem.
8Define ecological pyramids and describe with examples, pyramids of number and biomass.
9What is primary productivity? Give brief description of factors that affect primary productivity.
10Define decomposition and describe the processes and products of decomposition.
11Give an account of energy flow in an ecosystem.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Ecosystem for CBSE Class 12 Biology?
Ecosystem covers several key topics that are frequently asked in CBSE Class 12 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
How to score full marks in Ecosystem — CBSE Class 12 Biology?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 52 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.
Where can I get free NCERT Solutions for Ecosystem Class 12 Biology?
This page has free step-by-step NCERT Solutions for every exercise question in Ecosystem (CBSE Class 12 Biology) — written the way examiners award marks: given, formula, working, answer.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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