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Bioremediation — Syllabus

CBSE · Class 12 · Biotechnology

What Bioremediation covers in CBSE Class 12 Biotechnology: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Part of the CBSE Class 12 Biotechnology syllabus.

61 questions84 flashcards5 concepts

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A comprehensive flowchart illustrating the primary and secondary (biological) treatment stages of a sewage treatment plant, including key components and processes like filtration, sedimentation, aerat
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4 Topics · CBSE Class 12 Biotechnology · 2026-27

Topics in Bioremediation

1

1. Core idea of bioremediation

  • Bioremediation uses living organisms to solve damage caused by chemical toxicants.
  • It is useful for pollutants in air, water, and soil, especially synthetic agrochemicals and industrial wastes.
  • Microorganisms and plants can modify, degrade, or remove pollutants.
2

2. Wastewater and sewage treatment

  • Wastewater from homes, communities, or industries is called sewage.
  • An average individual in India produces 0.8 kg waste per day.
  • Municipal sewage is approximately 99% water and 1% inorganic and organic matter.
3

3. Primary treatment of sewage

  • Primary treatment removes coarse solid materials by screening, grit chamber passage, and sedimentation.
  • Sedimentation tanks usually hold sewage for 2 to 10 hours.
  • The solids collected are called primary sludge.
4

4. Secondary treatment: activated sludge process, trickling filter, and oxidation ponds

  • Secondary treatment is biological and removes suspended organic matter.
  • Activated sludge process uses compressed air to maintain aerobic conditions.
  • Activated sludge settles at the bottom of the second settling tank and contains a high density of bacteria conditioned to the system.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Bioremediation

Wastewater treatmentSolid waste managementBiomedical waste managementBioremediation of pesticidesOil spill treatmentPhytoremediation

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Bioremediation for CBSE Class 12 Biotechnology?
Key topics in Bioremediation include Core idea of bioremediation, Wastewater and sewage treatment, Primary treatment of sewage, Secondary treatment: activated sludge process, trickling filter, and oxidation ponds. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the CBSE Class 12 board exam.
How should I revise Bioremediation for the CBSE Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 61 practice questions on Bioremediation. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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