Organic Chemistry II
ICSE · Class 10 · Chemistry
Flashcards for Organic Chemistry II — ICSE Class 10 Chemistry. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.
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Explore the full setWhat is the general formula for alkanes and why are they called saturated hydrocarbons?
Answer
General formula: CnH2n+2 Alkanes are called saturated hydrocarbons because they contain only single bonds between carbon atoms. All carbon atoms are fully saturated with hydrogen atoms, meaning they c…
How is methane prepared in the laboratory? Write the chemical equation.
Answer
Methane is prepared by decarboxylation of sodium ethanoate (sodium acetate) with soda lime: CH₃COONa + NaOH → CH₄ + Na₂CO₃ (Sodium ethanoate + Soda lime → Methane + Sodium carbonate) The reaction is…
What happens when methane undergoes chlorination? Write the step-by-step reactions.
Answer
Methane undergoes substitution reactions with chlorine in presence of diffused sunlight at 250°-400°C: CH₄ + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + HCl (Methyl chloride) CH₃Cl + Cl₂ → CH₂Cl₂ + HCl (Dichloromethane) CH₂Cl₂ + …
What is the structure of ethane and how is it prepared in the laboratory?
Answer
Structure: C₂H₆ with molecular structure CH₃-CH₃ Laboratory preparation: Decarboxylation of sodium propanoate with soda lime: CH₃CH₂COONa + NaOH → C₂H₆ + Na₂CO₃ (Sodium propanoate + Soda lime → Ethan…
Define alkenes and write their general formula. What type of isomerism do they show?
Answer
Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons containing one or more carbon-carbon double bonds (C=C). General formula: CnH2n (for alkenes with one double bond) Types of isomerism: 1. Chain isomerism - diffe…
How is ethene (ethylene) prepared in the laboratory? Write the reaction and describe the apparatus.
Answer
Laboratory preparation: Dehydration of ethyl alcohol with concentrated H₂SO₄ at 160°-170°C: C₂H₅OH → C₂H₄ + H₂O (Ethyl alcohol → Ethylene + Water) Apparatus: Round bottom flask with ethyl alcohol + …
What are addition reactions? Give examples of ethene's addition reactions.
Answer
Addition reactions: Reactions where molecules add across the double bond of alkenes. Examples for ethene: 1. Hydrogenation: C₂H₄ + H₂ → C₂H₆ (with Ni catalyst at 300°C) 2. Halogenation: C₂H₄ + Br₂ → …
What is Baeyer's test? How does it work with ethene?
Answer
Baeyer's test: A test for unsaturation using cold dilute alkaline KMnO₄ solution (Baeyer's reagent). With ethene: CH₂=CH₂ + KMnO₄ (cold, dilute, alkaline) → CH₂OH-CH₂OH (Ethene → Ethylene glycol) Re…
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