Study of Acids, Bases and Salts
ICSE · Class 10 · Chemistry
Flashcards for Study of Acids, Bases and Salts — ICSE Class 10 Chemistry. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.
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Get startedWhat is the definition of an acid according to the simple molecular theory?
Answer
An acid is a chemical compound that furnishes hydronium ions (H3O+) as the only positively charged ions when dissolved in water. Acids turn blue litmus red and have a sour taste.
Define the term 'basicity of an acid' and give an example.
Answer
The basicity of an acid is the number of hydronium ions (H3O+) or hydrogen ions (H+) furnished by one molecule of the acid in aqueous solution. Example: HCl has basicity 1 (monobasic), H2SO4 has basic…
What is the difference between mineral acids and organic acids?
Answer
Mineral acids are derived from minerals (HCl, HNO3, H2SO4), are strong, corrosive, and completely ionize in water. Organic acids are derived from living organisms (CH3COOH, HCOOH), are weak, less corr…
Write the chemical equation for the reaction of zinc with dilute sulphuric acid.
Answer
Zn + H2SO4 (dil.) → ZnSO4 + H2↑ This is a displacement reaction where zinc displaces hydrogen from the acid, producing zinc sulphate and hydrogen gas.
What happens when acids react with carbonates? Give an example with equation.
Answer
Acids react with carbonates to produce salt, water, and carbon dioxide gas. Example: CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + H2O + CO2↑ The effervescence (bubbling) of CO2 gas is a characteristic test for carbonates.
Define a base and explain what makes a substance an alkali.
Answer
A base is a chemical compound that reacts with hydronium ions (H3O+) to form salt and water only. An alkali is a water-soluble base that furnishes OH- ions as the only negative ions in aqueous solutio…
What is the acidity of a base? Give examples of monoacidic, diacidic, and triacidic bases.
Answer
The acidity of a base is the number of OH- ions furnished by one molecule of the base in aqueous solution. Monoacidic: NaOH, KOH (acidity = 1) Diacidic: Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2 (acidity = 2) Triacidic: Al(OH…
Write the neutralization reaction between sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid.
Answer
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O This is a neutralization reaction where acid and base react to form salt (sodium chloride) and water. The reaction is exothermic and results in pH = 7 (neutral solution).
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