Study of Acids, Bases and Salts — Flashcards
ICSE · Class 10 · Chemistry
40 flashcards for Study of Acids, Bases and Salts (ICSE Class 10 Chemistry) to test yourself on key terms and facts. Sample: "What is a mineral acid?"
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See them allWhat is a mineral acid?
Answer
A mineral acid is an acid derived from minerals. It is usually a strong, corrosive acid and is completely ionised in water. Examples: HCl, HNO3, H2SO4. Balanced ionisation examples: HCl(aq) + H2O(l) →…
How are organic acids different from mineral acids?
Answer
Organic acids are derived from living organisms and contain carbon. They are weak, less corrosive, and partially ionised in water. Examples: formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid. Example ionisation: …
Why does an acid show acidic properties in water?
Answer
An acid gives H3O+ ions in water. These hydronium ions are responsible for acidity. General idea: acid + water → hydronium ion + anion. Example: HCl(aq) + H2O(l) → H3O+(aq) + Cl-(aq).
What is the basicity of an acid?
Answer
Basicity of an acid is the number of hydronium ions or hydrogen ions furnished by one molecule of the acid in aqueous solution. It depends on ionisable hydrogen atoms, not total hydrogen atoms. Exampl…
Why is acetic acid monobasic even though it has four hydrogen atoms?
Answer
Only one hydrogen atom in CH3COOH is ionisable in water. So its basicity is 1. Ionisation: CH3COOH(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ CH3COO-(aq) + H3O+(aq).
Why are H3PO3 and H3PO2 exception acids?
Answer
H3PO3 is dibasic because it furnishes only two protons in water. H3PO2 is monobasic because it furnishes only one proton in water. In oxoacids, only hydrogen atoms attached directly to oxygen are repl…
What happens when phosphoric acid ionises in water?
Answer
Phosphoric acid is tribasic and ionises in three steps: H3PO4(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ H3O+(aq) + H2PO4-(aq); H2PO4-(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ H3O+(aq) + HPO4^2-(aq); HPO4^2-(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ H3O+(aq) + PO4^3-(aq).
What is an alkali?
Answer
An alkali is a water-soluble base that furnishes hydroxyl ions as the only negative ions in aqueous solution. Examples: KOH, NaOH, Ca(OH)2, Ba(OH)2, NH4OH. Example dissociation: NaOH(aq) → Na+(aq) + O…
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