Mole Concept and Stoichiometry

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A mole is the amount of any substance which contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 12 g of C12. One mole contains 6.023 × 10^23 particles.

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Avogadro's number or Avogadro's constant is the number of atoms present in 12 g of C12 isotope of carbon. Value = 6.023 × 10^23. It represents atoms in 1 gram atom, molecules in 1 gram molecule, and i…

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Under identical conditions of temperature and pressure, equal volumes of all gases contain equal number of molecules. This explains why gas volumes can be compared using mole ratios.

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A dozen means 12 objects. A mole means 6.023 × 10^23 particles. Both are counting units; only the size of the count is different.

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When two or more gases react together, their volumes bear simple whole number ratio with one another and to the volume of products, if they are also gaseous, provided all volumes are measured under id…

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Balanced equation: H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2HCl(g). Volume ratio = 1 : 1 : 2. One volume of hydrogen reacts with one volume of chlorine to give two volumes of hydrogen chloride.

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Balanced equation: N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g). Volume ratio = 1 : 3 : 2.

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H2, O2, N2 and Cl2 are diatomic molecules. Each molecule contains two atoms.