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Syllabus

Microbes in Human Welfare — Syllabus

ICSE · Class 12 · Biology

What Microbes in Human Welfare covers in ICSE Class 12 Biology: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Part of the ICSE Class 12 Biology syllabus.

60 questions40 flashcards5 concepts

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An infographic illustrating the different types of microbes (bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa, prions) with representative examples and their general characteristics or shapes.
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4 Topics · ICSE Class 12 Biology · 2026-27

Topics in Microbes in Human Welfare

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1. Microbes in Household Products

  • Lactobacillus is a genus of lactic acid bacteria used to convert milk into curd.
  • Lactic acid bacteria produce acids that coagulate and partially digest milk proteins.
  • Curd formation improves nutritional quality by increasing vitamin B12.
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2. Microbes in Industries

  • Microbes are used as mini chemical factories in industrial production.
  • Important commercial products include medicines, organic acids, amino acids, enzymes, alcohols, and synthetic fuels.
  • Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by some microbes that can kill or retard the growth of other microbes.
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3. Microbes in Sewage Treatment

  • Sewage treatment makes wastewater less polluting before discharge into natural water bodies.
  • Primary treatment removes particles physically by filtration and sedimentation.
  • Floating debris is removed first, and grit is removed by sedimentation.
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4. Microbes in Energy Generation

  • Microbes help in solving the energy crisis by producing ethanol, methane, hydrogen, and hydrocarbons.
  • Gasohol is a fuel mixture of 90% unleaded gasoline and 10% alcohol.
  • Gasohol is used to combat energy shortage.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Microbes in Human Welfare

Microbes in household productsMicrobes as industrial productsMicrobes in sewage treatmentMicrobes in energy generationMicrobes as biocontrol agentsMicrobes as biofertilizers

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Microbes in Human Welfare for ICSE Class 12 Biology?
Key topics in Microbes in Human Welfare include Microbes in Household Products, Microbes in Industries, Microbes in Sewage Treatment, Microbes in Energy Generation. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the ICSE Class 12 board exam.
How should I revise Microbes in Human Welfare for the ICSE Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 60 practice questions on Microbes in Human Welfare. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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All ICSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus

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