Representation of Geographical Features

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A globe is a three-dimensional spherical model of the Earth. It shows the correct shape, size, and location of continents, oceans, and countries. Unlike maps, a globe is not drawn to scale and only sh…

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A map is a two-dimensional representation of the Earth or a part of it, drawn to scale on a flat surface. It helps us understand locations, directions, distances, and physical or political features. E…

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A sketch is a rough drawing not drawn to scale and used to show general directions or locations. A map is drawn to scale and includes accurate details like directions, distances, and symbols. Example:…

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A plan is a large-scale drawing of a small area like a building, house, or village. It is drawn to scale and shows detailed features. Example: A house plan showing rooms, doors, and windows.

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Large-scale maps show small areas with great detail (e.g., a village map). Small-scale maps show large areas with less detail (e.g., a world map). Example: A city map (large scale) vs. a country map (…

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The two main types are: (1) Large-scale maps – show small areas in detail (e.g., cadastral maps), and (2) Small-scale maps – show large areas with less detail (e.g., atlas maps or wall maps).

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The three types are: (1) Verbal scale (e.g., 1 cm = 1 km), (2) Representative Fraction (R.F.) (e.g., 1:50,000), and (3) Linear or Graphical scale (a line marked with distances).

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R.F. is a way of showing scale as a ratio. It means 1 unit on the map equals so many units on the ground. Example: R.F. 1:50,000 means 1 cm on the map = 50,000 cm (or 500 m) on the ground.