Skin: The Jack of all Trades

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Skin performs many functions at the same time. It protects the body, helps in touch and sensation, regulates temperature, stores food as fat, helps in sweating, and can make vitamin D in sunlight.

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Skin is the outermost covering of the body. It is the largest organ of the body and accounts for 15% of an adult human's total body weight. It forms a protective barrier around the body.

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Skin protects the body from mechanical shocks, prevents loss of water by evaporation, stops germs from entering, and protects against harmful ultraviolet rays.

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The epidermis is the outer thinner part of the skin proper. It is made of stratified epithelium and has no blood vessels anywhere in it.

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The three sublayers are the cornified layer, granular layer, and malpighian layer. They are arranged from outermost to innermost.

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The cornified layer is the outermost sublayer of the epidermis. It has dead, flattened cells containing keratin. It resists mechanical damage, bacterial infection, and loss of water by evaporation.

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The malpighian layer is the innermost sublayer of the epidermis. Its cells actively divide to form new cells that replace worn-out cells of the cornified layer. It also contains melanin, which gives s…

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The granular layer is a very thin middle sublayer of the epidermis. It has two or three sublayers of flattened cells and gradually changes into the cornified layer.