Waste Generation and Management

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Waste is any substance which is discarded after primary use, or it is worthless, defective and of no use. For example, kitchen leftovers, broken glass, and worn-out paper can become waste after use.

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Waste can be broadly divided into five major categories: domestic waste, industrial waste, agricultural waste, municipal waste, and e-waste.

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Domestic waste is waste given out from homes. It includes kitchen waste, plastics, glass, rags, and paper. Some domestic rag and paper waste is reused or sold to raddiwalas.

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Kitchen waste includes peelings of vegetables and fruits, shells from groundnuts and eggs, washing of pulses and rice, stale or rotten food, used tea leaves, and leftovers from food dishes.

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Domestic plastic waste includes plastic packings, wrappings, and discarded or broken plastic objects such as toys.

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Industrial waste is waste given out from factories, thermal plants, and other industries. It includes waste from mining operations, cement industries, oil refineries, and construction units.

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Mine tailing is the left-over waste produced while processing ores in mining operations. It can be mixed with other materials to make tiles and masonry cement.

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Cement industry wastes may be solid, liquid, or gaseous. Solid wastes are used in construction activities or dumped in landfills. Liquid wastes are treated to remove harmful substances before release …