Maharashtra Board Class 12 Biology — Flashcards

A: Asexual reproduction is the production of offspring without the fusion of gametes. Key characteristics: 1) Involves only one parent, 2) Produces genetically identical offspring called clones, 3) No me

A: CUTTING: Small piece of plant part with buds used for propagation (Rose, Bougainvillea). GRAFTING: Two plants joined to grow as one - scion (bud-containing stem) joined to stock (rooted plant). TISSUE

A: A mature anther is dithecous (two-lobed) and tetrasporangiate (four pollen sacs). Each lobe contains two pollen sacs. Wall layers from outside to inside: 1) Epidermis (protective), 2) Endothecium (wit

A: Gemmule formation is an internal bud formed only in sponges (e.g., Spongilla). It is an asexually produced mass of dormant archaeocytes capable of developing into a new organism. The archaeocytes are

A: Budding in Hydra is a simple method of asexual reproduction occurring in favorable conditions. A small outgrowth (bud) is produced towards the basal end of the body. The bud develops and forms tentacl

A: From outside to inside, the three layers of the testis wall are: 1. Tunica vaginalis (incomplete peritoneal covering - outermost), 2. Tunica albuginea (collagenous connective tissue layer - middle), 3

A: Heredity is the transmission of genetic information from generation to generation. Gregor Mendel, a Moravian monk born in 1822, first gave the accurate explanation for the mechanism of inheritance usi

A: The seven traits are: 1) Seed shape (Round/Wrinkled), 2) Seed color (Yellow/Green), 3) Pod shape (Inflated/Constricted), 4) Pod color (Green/Yellow), 5) Flower color (Purple/White), 6) Flower location

A: Genotype is the genetic constitution or makeup of an organism (e.g., TT, Tt, or tt for height). Phenotype is the external appearance or observable trait (e.g., tall or dwarf plants). For example, both