Medieval India

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A strong exchange of ideas and customs took place. People influenced one another in dress, speech, manners, and intellectual outlook, creating a composite culture.

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Indian society was divided into aristocrats, priests, town people, and peasants. These groups had different social roles and levels of power.

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The aristocrats included the Sultan and his relatives, the nobility, landholders, Hindu rajahs, chiefs, Hindu merchants, and bankers. They controlled much of the wealth and power.

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Towns were administrative and military centres. They also became centres of trade, crafts, pilgrimage, and royal workshops called karkhanas.

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Peasants lived in villages and paid heavy land revenue to the state. Their lives changed very little even when dynasties changed.

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The silver tanka was the most commonly used currency of the period. It was introduced by Iltutmish and became important because trade was growing.

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Delhi was the centre for incoming and outgoing goods. Goods came from many regions of India and also from outside India, making it a major trade centre.

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According to Ibn Batuta, Delhi at that time was a magnificent city. The statement shows the city’s importance during a flourishing trade period.