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Syllabus

Air and Water — Syllabus

NIOS · Class 10 · Science & Tech

What Air and Water covers in NIOS Class 10 Science & Tech: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Part of the NIOS Class 10 Science & Tech syllabus.

39 questions40 flashcards5 formulas & key relations5 concepts

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A cross-section diagram showing the troposphere and stratosphere, highlighting their approximate heights, key characteristics, and major components, including the ozone layer's location.
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4 Topics · NIOS Class 10 Science & Tech · 2026-27

Topics in Air and Water

1

1. Composition and Importance of Air

  • Air is a mixture of gases, not an element or a compound.
  • The major gases in dry air at sea level are nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, and inert gases.
  • Nitrogen is about 78.03% of air by volume and oxygen is about 20.09% by volume.
2

2. Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Carbon Dioxide

  • Oxygen is essential for respiration in living beings.
  • Oxygen is the supporter of combustion.
  • Liquid oxygen, called LOX, is used as an oxidant in rockets.
3

3. Water Vapour, Humidity, Clouds, and Rain

  • Water vapour enters the atmosphere through evaporation.
  • Humidity is the presence of water vapour in air.
  • Relative humidity compares the water vapour actually present with the amount needed for saturation at the same temperature.
4

4. Air Pressure and Atmosphere

  • Air has weight, so it exerts pressure on the earth's surface.
  • Atmospheric pressure is the force of the air column acting per unit area.
  • Atmospheric pressure is about 1 kgcm² or 10 ton m².

Key Concepts

Central concept: Air and water as essential abiotic resources of the environment

AirWaterImportance of airComposition of airUses and role of oxygenUses and role of nitrogenRole of carbon dioxideWater vapour and weather

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Air and Water for NIOS Class 10 Science & Tech?
Key topics in Air and Water include Composition and Importance of Air, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Carbon Dioxide, Water Vapour, Humidity, Clouds, and Rain, Air Pressure and Atmosphere. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the NIOS Class 10 board exam.
How should I revise Air and Water for the NIOS Class 10 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 39 practice questions on Air and Water. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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