Environmental Degradation And Disaster Management — Important Questions

Development that meets present needs without compromising future generations

Sustainable development is defined as development that meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It balances economic growth, environmental protection, and social equity. Option A is wrong as it ignores environmental concerns. Option C is incorrect as it focuses only on economics. Option D is impractical as it suggests stopping all development.

Carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the primary greenhouse gas responsible for global warming. It traps heat in the atmosphere and is released through burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes. Oxygen is essential for life but doesn't cause warming. Nitrogen makes up most of our atmosphere but is inert. Hydrogen is not a significant greenhouse gas in the context of current global warming.

Mitigation

Mitigation is the first phase of disaster management, focusing on long-term measures to prevent hazards from developing into disasters or reduce their effects. It involves identifying risks and taking preventive measures. Response occurs during the disaster, recovery happens after, and evacuation is part of the response phase, not a separate phase of disaster management.

Deforestation

Deforestation is a major cause of soil erosion because tree roots hold soil together and prevent it from being washed away by rain or wind. When forests are cleared, the exposed soil becomes vulnerable to erosion. Afforestation (planting trees) actually prevents erosion. Crop rotation and organic farming are sustainable practices that help maintain soil health and prevent degradation.