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Climate of India

ICSE · Class 10 · Geography

Quick revision notes for Climate of India — ICSE Class 10 Geography. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

45 questions22 flashcards5 concepts

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An infographic illustrating the key geographical and atmospheric factors that influence India's climate, including the Tropic of Cancer, the Himalayas, altitude, distance from the sea, western disturb
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Key Topics to Revise

1

Introduction and Key Factors Affecting Climate

  • India extends from 8°N to 37°6'N latitude, covering about 3200 km from North to South
  • Tropic of Cancer (23½°N) passes through Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal, dividing India into Northern Temperate zone and Southern Tropical zone
  • Great Himalayan Range separates India from rest of Asia and prevents bitter cold winds from Central Asia
2

Climatic Contrasts and Regional Variations

  • North of Tropic of Cancer: Continental climate with extreme temperatures (up to 50°C in summer, -40°C in winter like Dras)
  • South of Tropic of Cancer: Tropical climate with average temperature 25-27°C throughout year
  • Coastal regions: Equable climate due to moderating influence of sea
3

The Four Seasons of India

  • Hot Dry Season (March-May): Highest temperatures, low pressure over land, thunderstorms common
  • South-West Monsoon Season (June-September): Rainy season, 75-80% of annual rainfall
  • Retreating Monsoon (October-November): Monsoon withdrawal, 'October Heat', cyclones in Bay of Bengal
4

Local Winds and Weather Phenomena

  • Loo: Hot, dry, dusty winds in northern plains during May-June, can cause sunstroke
  • Kali Baisakhi/Norwesters: Thunderstorms in West Bengal during April-May, good for tea and jute crops
  • Mango Showers: Pre-monsoon showers in South India (April-May), beneficial for mango, tea, and coffee

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

India's climate is broadly classified asAn imaginary line that passes throughThe Great Himalayan range acts asMoistureDry winds blowing from northeast

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Climate of India for ICSE Class 10 Geography?
Climate of India covers several key topics that are frequently asked in ICSE Class 10 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
How to score full marks in Climate of India — ICSE Class 10 Geography?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 45 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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