Formation of the Muslim League

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The British encouraged communalism to weaken the national movement from within. By supporting separate political organizations, they hoped to keep Muslims away from the Congress and prevent Hindu-Musl…

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Many Muslims became economically backward because they were not recruited properly into civil and military services, and government jobs were mostly given to Hindus. Many Muslims also had fewer opport…

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Divide and rule was the British policy of creating divisions among Indians so that they could rule more easily. They encouraged differences between Hindus and Muslims, supported communal organisations…

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In 1841, the Bengal Government employed only 92 Muslims, compared with 71 Hindus and 1,335 Europeans. This showed the weak position of Muslims in government employment under British rule.

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The Hindi-Urdu controversy arose in the United Provinces because petitions to offices and courts could only be submitted in Urdu. On 8 April 1900, the government allowed Devanagari Hindi petitions too…

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The controversy widened Hindu-Muslim differences. Muslims saw the change in language policy as a threat to their interests, and the conflict increased separatist thinking among Muslim leaders.

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Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was a Muslim reformer who first advised Muslims to adopt Western education. In the beginning, he held liberal nationalist views and said, 'The Hindus and the Muslims are the two ey…

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MAO College was founded by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan at Aligarh in 1875. It became an important centre of Muslim education and later a centre of Muslim communal politics because its principal influenced Mus…